Gischat - Blog Posts

Peta Gunatanah Malaysia 2014 - 2018

Peta Gunatanah Malaysia 2014 -2018 ("Malaysia's Land Cover 2014 - 2018") web application is a platform generated for the Quality Assessment activity organized by Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) on 23rd June 2024.

The workshop aims to collect field/reference data from Malaysian's state agencies in the effort to verify the quality of the land cover classification output generated in support of CO2 release measurement from converted agricultural lands.

Participants are able access the app via conventional browsers from their mobile devices and submit drawings/sketches that they have captured within interactive data layers.

This web app aims to support direct input from source onto the task of improving the accuracy of the generated land cover maps. Vectors generated from this exercise are readily standardized with the required data scheme from quality assessment, making full use of the ArcGIS Online ecosystem full to a produce concrete output and actionable information.

🌱 Google Earth Engine 101

Viewing, filtering and downloading Landsat 9 satellite image

🟢 Beginner-friendly.

🆓 Free with no hidden monetary cost.

🤚🏻 Requires registration so sign-up 👉🏻https://signup.earthengine.google.com/, access via browser and Internet connection

🖥️ Available for Windows, Mac and Linux.

If you're down the rabbit hole with the how-to documents on #googleearthengine and still want to find a simple basic code to start with, feel free to check out this 16-minute video I've made for myself to remember some of the syntaxes. There's no better way to understand it than doing it yourself so, I've also included links to the script app and code in GitHub 👇🏻

⌨️ Code: https://github.com/hrllscrt/gee/tree/...

🌏 GEE sandbox: https://code.earthengine.google.com/a...

The script demonstrates how to utilize readily available data in the Earth Engine data repository like LSIB 2017 for demarcation and I've taken the liberty to play around with Landsat 9. The code should be applicable for Landsat 8 too, for those who wants to use it to extract data straight away.

Don't be shy to share your questions if you have any and have fun dissecting the data!

🧰 Publicly available data

Hunting for spatial data comes naturally now. There seems to be less and less opportunity for doubts when we could attach a pair of coordinates to some places.

For work and hobby, hunting for data take almost half of the usable hours I set aside to execute certain objectives; if not 100%. Although the internet is a vast plain of data, not all of them are usable. The democratization of data is a subject that is to translucent to discuss but to solid to argue with. Thus, with differing opinions, we get different versions of them online. Here are some of the interesting data platforms I manage to scour based on their thematic subject

🌳 Nature and Environment

Delta at Risk - Profiling Risk and Sustainability of Coastal Deltas of the World. I found this while lamenting on how people love asking for data addition into their maps at the eleventh hour. I find their confidence in my skills quite misleading but flattering nonetheless. But it does not make it any less troublesome.

Protected Planet - Discover the world's protected and conserved areas. This platform includes not just data of protected areas, but also other effective area-based conservation measures like ICCAs IUCN listing and as the website claims, it is updated regular via submissions from agencies. So far, I found this platform to be the most convenient since it rounds up all possible conservation-based themes which also includes World Heritage Sites.

Global Forest Change (2000-2020) - The global forest extent change since 2000 to the current year or lovingly referred to as the Hansen data by most forestry RS specialist. This data is updated annually and to be honest, the platforms are literally everywhere. But this platform is legitimate under Earth Engine Apps and you can refer to Google Earth Engine for future data updates to ease your search.

👩‍⚖️ Administrative Data

GADM - Map and spatial data for all countries and their sub-divisions.

🏦 Built-environment Data

OpenStreet Map - This database is the most amazing feat of tech-aware crowdsourcing. A little more than 2 decades ago, some 'experienced' gate-keeping professionals would have refuted its legitimacy within an inch of their lives but OSM has proven that time prevails when it comes to bringing the accessibility and network data into practical use. I am not that adept with downloading from this website so I go directly to a more manual data download. My favorite is the Geofabrik Download but you can also try Planet OSM.

🎮 Other Cool Data

OpenCell ID - Open database platform of global cell towers. Cleaning the data is a nightmare but I think it is just me. I have little patience for cerebral stuff.

So, those are some of the data I managed to dig for personal projects. Hope it helps you guys too!

🌱 Google Earth Engine 101

Uploading a shapefile as an asset in GEE and making use of it

🟢 Beginner-friendly.

🆓 Free with no hidden monetary cost.

🤚🏻 Requires registration so sign-up 👉🏻https://signup.earthengine.google.com/, access via browser and Internet connection

🖥️ Available for Windows, Mac and Linux.

Google Earth Engine or lovingly called GEE is another free and open platform provided by Google to provide a very vast and comprehensive collection of earth observation data. Since Sentinel-2 is no longer available for download at USGS Earth Explorer, I find the alternative too challenging for me so GEE seems like the easiest way to go. If you're looking for a one-stop platform to access satellite imagery for free, GEE is a great place to start. You don't have to learn JavaScript explicitly to start using this tool.

🌱 Google Earth Pro 101

Google Earth Pro is one of the most powerful freely available software one can use for location investigation. If you're a non-tech GIS user who needs to know just enough to get your work going, then let's hit the ground running with this tutorial for starters.

🟢 Beginner-friendly.

🆓 Free with no hidden monetary cost.

🖥️ Available for Windows, Mac and Linux.

With this, I am commencing my submission for the #30DayMapChallenge for 2023 🗺

The categories outlined is similar to that of last year but I am never going to hate this repetition. How can I? It's a basics of making maps and there's so much to learn from the single-word theme.

Any aspiring map-makers out there? Let's share our maps for this wonderful month of November under the #30DayMapChallenge 2023!

Uninspired

I am a reckless uninspired person. I call myself a map-maker but I don't really get to make maps for reasons that I don't think I should venture outside of my requesters' requests. But mostly, I am compelled to get it right and I feel good if I can deliver what they need. The thing is, I no longer get spontaneously inspired to make maps anymore. Just as the rules become clearer the more you read books on cartography, fear just crop themselves up like 'Plant vs Zombies' 🌱 in PlayStation.

So, I am scared that I'm beginning to wear off my excitement about making map; really making them and not just knowing how to make them.

What sort of idea is great? I mean, what should I focus on trying to make? There are so many data out there that what I will attempt may be missing the train or just pale in comparison to other incredible work. I don't really mind it but I'm not that young to not understand self-esteem does ease the thinking process.

Can't say much, I mean...30 Days of Map Challenge hasn't been all that well with me. I should've prepared something before the event event started. I quit after the 3rd challenge cause I overthink and get panic attacks every time I feel I'm doing stuff half-ass.

Despite all that, I am lucky to have aggressively supportive siblings. They just can't seem to stop the tough love and always kicking me to just barf something out.

'It's the process that matters!'

When did I start forgetting how wonderful the process, huh?

The devil in the details

I have started to post some videos demonstrating some tools in ArcGIS Pro. Short ones and pretty quick ones which I strived for since I absolutely am frightened with the idea of irritating people with unnecessary voice-over. It has no garnered much response and it's cool with me. Although, the lack of traction does things to my insides, I go back to the real reason I am doing thing, which is to stash the tools that I managed to learn on my own by trials and errors and keep them somewhere I can refer back to it to remember how it works.

Creating maps involves a number of iterative processes made to suit the intended output. Although creating maps itself is a form of art; heavily reliant on target audience's knowledge and aesthetical preference, it is still an inherently democratic science. Thus, knowing the mainstream technology and tools in the industry to express your vision or message is given. So for those just starting out with using geographical information software (GIS) for your final year project or research, this videos are meant for you. The purpose is not to overwhelm you with too many information, or distract you with my narration, but to follow in real-time the process from the start up of the software to the running of tools that generates the information needed.

Knowing fully well that there is an endless variety of GIS software or tools out there, processes that you need to execute to make things happen may vary in name and functionalities. Forget the beef between ArcGIS and QGIS, of which one is the better tool; if it serves your needs, then use it. You're not obliged to pledge loyalty to software or brands although you are encouraged to maintain integrity in your beliefs when it comes to corporate versus open source tools in the industry. Both choices come with their advantages and disadvantages. Yours truly uses QGIS and ArcGIS Pro interchangeably. If it doesn't work in ArcGIS Pro, which I use primarily, I'll jump to using QGIS. It's not a big deal. If it works painlessly, there is no reason to feel bad about using it.

So far, the content I have made emphasizes mostly on ArcGIS Pro or Esri products since using them is how I come to learn more about geology and geography. QGIS was a name I did not learn of in my university years when ArcGIS versions start with the digit 9️⃣, so you can catch my drift.

We can go on and on about theoretical stuff and our smarter pals usually knows what to do when faced with the tools. Unfortunately, I fall in the percentile that needed to land on the job to understand what on earth I am supposed to do. This series of videos are for those who have the same problem as I do and need to see the magic actually happening before knowing what to do. And for the most part, there are so many things to read and try out before you get it right. So hopefully, the demos can kickstart some thoughts or observation in the logic within the software's ecosystem and become more than just a technical power-user.

This week, I touched on some tools that I found helpful when dealing with point vector data, so feel free to check it out 👇🏻

Next week, I'm thinking of exploring some series of point analysis and space time cube is beckoning for me to test it out. Until then, stay cool and drop a word if you need any clarifications on the demos!

[2022] 30 Day Map Challenge -- FAILED

Last year, I participated once again in the 30 Day Map Challenge that was going around in Twitter-ville come November. It is the 3rd attempt at the marathon and 2022 served as a reminder that progressed too despite getting stuck at Day 3 as life caught up with me.

I don't like the idea that I have left the challenge incomplete, again. It was not my priority and I work better with clear goals or visions of expected output. If it does not add to my need to learn something new ...it will be a task bound to head straight to the backburner. Let's resolve to make it a long-term routine instead of a spurt of stress trying to make the deadline.

As a consequence, I am attuning this task into one that actually gives me the benefit out putting into record the techniques and tools I used to make the maps in writing. I believe that will serve more purpose and added value other than visuals. And perhaps, have some stock ready for submission this year instead.

Anyone else participated in this challenge back in November? How did you do and what would you like to do better for the next one? Don't be shy and do drop a word or two.

In ArcGIS Pro, the Erase tool only comes with the Advanced license. There are other ways to go about removing parts of a polygon/line data layer like the Clip tool. But Union is that tool where it makes more sense by principle.

It works by marking overlapping parts of two different data layer with integers; 1, 2 and so forth. Those that do not overlap is universally -1. So, remove everything else that you want out of the picture by deleting output features that contain FID integer values of more than -1! Simple eh?

Check out the <3 minutes demo below!

P/S: Happy New Year peeps! ♥

Split by Attributes GP tool....when would you actually use this?

There are times when you're making a map but symbolizing using the symbology feature is not enough to characterize the data visually. Thus, having this tool makes cartographical work a little easier by generating copies of the original data, split into separate layers based on the attribute that we need. By doing this, it makes the task of adding the legend much easier in the layout as well.

Most often, when making maps for slide presentation, you would want to segregate data into separate layers with certain uniform values for a certain attribute and a create a new data layer which we can use over and over again.

Although definition query can help with visualizing and showing the features with the attribute value that we want, we may want to create a separate data to avoid compromising the original data or constantly repeating the task of typing/configuring the SQL commands.

This tool is valid for shapefiles and feature classes. Any other data types may need to be converted into those two formats before you can run it. Check out the long-winded demo below:

Since this tool is actually a Python script, it can be integrated into a code for batch geoprocessing or model for iteration over many data layers or interconnection to other tools; automation at its full-on glory! 😁

🗻 Diorama Drama

So, John Nelson made this absolutely simple tutorial on how to create a diorama interesting features on Earth's surfaces. I have been eyeing alot of people making them and resisting the urge to make one. I mean, I have the habit of falling into a rabbit hole with making maps that I'll definitely be having too much fun to stop. That could mean hours and hours scrutinizing colors, perspective or setups and even legend arrangements. But this...I decided not to overdo it and just make one.

I can't believe how easy it is to make one! Here's a piece of many to come; the elevation diorama of area within the Batang Ai Dam and Batang Ai National Park in Sarawak, East Malaysia.

What you'll learn... 1️⃣ How to extract raster from existing image layer in Living Atlas; that's how we extracted the DEM layer for this elevation data.

2️⃣ How to create a 3D scene in ArcGIS Pro and navigate through them.

3️⃣ How to create a layout layer and export them as a static image format i.e jpeg, png, tif etc...

Check out the video tutorial here 👇🏻

I was thinking that this tutorial is making me feel like there is a possibility of creating some floating island or pixel-like models of isolated pieces of land -- my head is imagining some kind of dragons flying around in some nonexistent Viking fantasy map. But hey...if you're not inspired to create crazier maps from John's tutorial, then are you even a cartographer at all?

He's on Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube and he even has this supercool blog of his; Adventures in Mapping, where he shares all of his tutorials in full documentation and gorgeous portfolio that could only consist of magic! One such as I can only aspire.

So, that was what our Sunday looked like and I think I'll be playing around with dioramas for a few weeks. Let's see just how many of these I can make 'til the next Sunday.

Malaysia Forest Cover 2020 | WWF-Malaysia

Tool: ArcGIS Pro 2.9.3, Operations Dashboard ArcGIS & ArcGIS Online Technique: Data transformation and geometric calculation

WWF-Malaysia Forest Cover Baseline is a dashboard of forest cover extent status in selected land uses across Malaysia's region, methodology of analysis and resources involved in the exercise.

The WWF-Malaysia Forest Cover Baseline and Forest Cover Key Performance Index (KPI) is a task undertaken by the Conservation Geographical Information System (CGIS) Unit to amass the discrete information of forest cover extent across Malaysia's 3 main region of legislation: Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak and Sabah. This exercise produces a concise dashboard report in an online platform that describes the processed information on the forest cover status as well as their prospective areas identified for conservation work.

Report can be interactively accessed at the following:

The dashboard can be accessed at Malaysia Forest Cover 2020.

📌 Availability: Retracted in 2021

Eyes on the Forest Sarawak | WWF-Malaysia

The ‘Eyes on the Forest’ Sarawak web application is developed with the joint effort of WWF-Malaysia and WWF-Japan. Emulating the successful ‘Eyes on the Forest’ Sumatra database, this web app intends to provide an undiluted information on the rich diversity of Sarawak’s unique wildlife, forests and land uses as well as increasing the transparency on the threats; deforestation, infrastructure developments and urbanization, as well as its drivers; concessions, agricultural activities and unsupervised resource harvesting.

Identifying where the threats, the drivers and the conservation targets are located will help in making a concrete point at the policy level and push for more boots on the ground to ensure that the protected areas stay protected. The baseline information provided are essential in the prompt intervention for biodiversity protection.

Data collected and consolidated from dispersed public sources and engineered for simple and direct visualization. Values are generated based on verified legislated information provided by stakeholders and state agencies to the Sarawak Conservation Programme (SCP) for WWF-Malaysia.

Developed and maintained by:

Azalea Kamellia

GIS Officer (SCP) | WWF- Malaysia

June 2018 - Present

mapshaper

Ok. 

I wanna know why have I never heard of this online tool before. Like, what the hell is wrong with the social media? Is something wrong with Twitter or Instagram or something that they never caught on mapshaper? Or was it just me and my hazardous ignorance, yet again?

Have you tried this free nifty online tool that literally simplify crazy complicated shapefile polygons like it’s no one’s business?!

It started with some last minute inspiration on how to collate data from 3 different regions; developed from remote sensing techniques which vary from one another. The common output here is to turn all of them into a vector file; namely shapefile, and start working on the attribute to ease merging of the different shapefile layers.

Once merged, this shapefile is to be published as a hosted feature layer into the ArcGIS Online platform and incorporated into a webmap that serves as a reference data to configure/design a dashboard. What is a dashboard? It's basically an app template in ArcGIS Online that summarizes all the important information in your spatial data. It's a fun app to create, no coding skills required. Check out the gallery here for reference:

Operations Dashboard for ArcGIS Gallery

There are two common ways to publish hosted feature layer into ArcGIS Online platform.

Method 1: Zip up the shapefile and upload it as your content. This will trigger the command inquiring if you would like to publish it as a hosted feature layer. You click 'Yes' and give it a name and et voila! You have successfully publish a hosted feature layer.

Method 2: From an ArcGIS Desktop or ArcGIS Pro, you publish them as feature service (as ArcMap calls them) or web layer (as the its sister ArcGIS Pro calls them). Fill up the details and enabling the function then hit 'Publish' and it will be in the platform should there be no error or conflicting issues.

So, what was the deal with me and mapshaper? 

🛑 A fair warning here and please read these bullet points very carefully:

I need you to remember...I absolve any responsibility of what happens to your data should you misinterpreted the steps I shared. 

Please always  👏🏻  BACK 👏🏻 UP  👏🏻  YOUR 👏🏻 DATA. Don’t even try attempting any tools or procedure that I am sharing without doing so. Please. Cause I am an analyst too and hearing someone else forget to save their data or create a backup is enough to make me die a little inside. 

For this tool, please export out the attribute table of your shapefile because this tool will CHANGE YOUR SHAPEFILE ATTRIBUTES. 

When I was publishing the vector I have cleaned and feature-engineered via ArcGIS Pro...it took so long that I was literally dying inside. I'm not talking about 20 minutes or an hour. It took more than 12 hours and it did not conjure the 'Successfully published' notification as I would've expected from it.

So at around 5.30 am, I randomly type 'simplify shapefily online free'. Lo and behold, there was mapshaper.

All I did was, zip up my polygon, drag it to the homepage and it will bring you to the option of choosing the actions that will be executed while the data is being imported into mapshaper:

detect line intersections

snap vertices

This option will help you to detect the intersections of lines within your vector/shapefile. This can help identify topological error.

The option to snap vertices will snap together points of similar or almost identical coordinate system. But it does not work with TopoJSON formats.

There is something interesting about this options too; you can enter other types of customized options provided by the tool from its command line interface! But hold your horses peeps. I did not explore that because here, we want to fix an issue and we'll focus on that first. I checked both options and import them in.

This will bring the to a page where there you can start configuring options and method to simplify your vector.

To simplify your shapefile, you can have both options to prevent the shape of the polygon being compromised; prevent shape removal, and to utilize the planar Cartesian geometry instead of the usual geoid longitude and latitude; use planar geometry. The implication of the second option is not obvious to me yet since all I wanted was to get the data simplified for easy upload and clean topology, thus, I chose both options to maintain the shape and visibility of all my features despite the highest degree of simplification.

Alike to the options of methodology for simplication in the mainstream software, I can see familiar names:

Douglas-Peuker

Visvalingam / effective area

Visvalingam / weighted area

First and foremost, I had no slightest idea of what these were. Like for real. I used to just go first for the default to understand what sort of output it will bring me. But here, the default; Visvalingam / weighted area, seemed like the best option. What are these methodologies of simplification? There are just algorithms used to help simplify your vectors:

🎯 Douglas-Peucker algorithm decimates a curve composed of line segments to a similar curve with fewer points (Ramer-Douglas-Peucker algorithm, Wikipedia; 2021).

🎯 Visvalingam algorithm is a line simplication operator that works eliminating any less significant points of the line based on effective area concept. That basically means that the triangle formed by each of the line points with two of its immediate neighboring points (Visvalingam Algorithm | aplitop).

🎯 Visvalingam algorithm with weight area is another version of Visvalingam algorithm of subsequent development where an alternative metrics is used and weighted to take into account the shape (Visvalingam & Whelan, 2016).

For reasons I can't even explain, I configured my methodology to utilize the third option and now that I have the time to google it, Thank God I did.

Then, see and play with the magic at the 'Settings' slider where you can adjust and view the simplification made onto the vector! I adjusted it to 5%. The shape retained beautifully. And please bear in mind, this vector was converted from a raster. So, what I really wanted is the simplified version of the cleaned data and to have them uploaded.

Now that you've simplified it, export it into a zipped folder of shapefile and you can use it like any other shapefile after you extracted it.

Remember when I say you have got to export your table of attributes out before you use this tool? Yea...that's the thing. The attribute table will shock you cause it'll be empty. Literally. With only the OBJECTID left. Now, with that attribute table you've backed up, use the 'Join Table' tool in ArcGIS Pro or ArcMap and join the attribute table in without any issues.

Phewh!!

I know that it has alot more functions than this but hey, I'm just getting started. Have you ever done anything more rocket science than I did like 2 days ago, please share it with the rest of us. Cause I gotta say, this thing is cray!! Love it so much.

mapshaper developer, if you're seeing this, I 🤟🏻 you!

UPDATE

I have been asked about the confidentiality of the data. I think this is where you understand the reason behind the fact that they will work even with using just the ‘.shp’ file of the shapefile since _that_ is the vector portion of the shapefile. 

Shapefile is a spatial data format that is actually made up of 4 files; minimum. Each of these files share the same name with different extensions; .prj, .shx, .shp and .dbf. Although I am not familiar with what .shx actually accounts for, the rest of them are pretty straightforward:

.prj: stores the projection information

.dbf: stores the tabulated attributes of each features in the vector file

.shp: stores the shape/vector information of the shapefile. 

So, as the tool indicate, it actually helps with the vector aspect of your data which is crucial in cartography. 

diy geo app

Esri has been releasing more and more MOOC over the span of 2 years to accommodate its increasingly large expanse of products within the ArcGIS ecosystem. 

But of all the MOOCs that I've participated in, 'Do-It-Yourself Geo App MOOC' must be the most underrated ones produced by Esri Training. The functionalities highlighted within the MOOC took the anthem right off their recent Esri UC 2020 that went virtual. The curriculum includes:

The creation of hosted feature layer (without utilizing any GIS software medium like ArcMap or ArcGIS Pro).

The basics of the ArcGIS Online platform ecosystem:

hosted feature layer >  web map > web app 

Basically, to view a hosted feature layer, you will need to drag it onto a 'Map' and save it as a web map.

Conventionally, web map suffices for the visualization and analytical work for the likes of any geospatialist who are familiar with Web GIS. 

But this time, Esri is highlighting a brand new web map product called 'Map Viewer Beta'. Why beta? Cause it is still in beta version but so sleeky cool that they just had to let every have a shot at using it. Truth be told, Map Viewer Beta did not disappoint.

Even so, Map Viewer Beta still has some functionalities that have yet to be implemented. 

Using web map to visualize data, configure pop-up, execute simple analysis and extending it to Map Viewer Beta interface 

Utilizing Survey123 for crowdsourcing data; the first level of citizen science and creating a webmap out of it.

Creating native apps using AppStudio for ArcGIS; no coding required. 

Some tidbits on accessing the ArcGIS API for JavaScript

I love how cool it is that this MOOC actually shows you step-by-step on how to use the new Map Viewer Beta and explain the hierarchy of formats for the published content in the ArcGIS Online platform

I have established my understanding of ArcGIS Online ecosystem 3 years back but I do find it awkward that such powerful information is not actually summarized in a way that is comprehensible for users that have every intention of delving into Web GIS. And Web GIS is the future with all the parallel servers that could handle the processing/analysis of large amount of data. ArcGIS Online is a simplified platform that provides interfaces for the fresh-eyed new geospatial professionals. 

It is quite well-know for the fact that there has been some criticism as to the domination of Esri within the GIS tools/resources within the geospatial science industry, but I believe it is something we could take as a pinch of salt. Not everything in Esri's massive line of commercial products are superior to other platforms but it is a starting point for any new geospatialists who wants to explore technologies there are not familiar with. 

All in all, this MOOC is heaven-sent. For me, I have been playing with the web apps and web maps for close to 4 years and I can attest to the fact that it covers all the basics. For the developer's bit, maybe not so much as going through it in a distinct step-by-step but it does stoke the curiosity as to how it works. The question is, how do we make it work. Now that's a mystery I am eager to solve. 

I'm going to put this on my ever-expanding to-do list and think JavaScript for another few more months of testing out this ArcGIS API for JavaScript implementation. Tell me if you wanna know how this actually works and I'll share what I find out when I do.

For those who had missed out on this cohort, fear not. This MOOC runs twice a year and the next cohort is going to be from Feb 17 to March 17 2021. The registration is already open, so don’t hold back and click the link below:

Do-It-Yourself Geo Apps

Do register for a public account before signing up or just click 'Register' at the MOOC's page and it's open the open to either sign in or 'Create a public account'. It was a blast and I'm sure, if you've never used any of the feature I've mentioned above, you'll be as wide-eyed as I was 3 years ago. :D

Till then, stay spatially mappy comrades!

P/S: If you complete all the assignments and quizzes, you'll get a certificate of completion from Esri. Which is pretty rad!

survey123 offline

Survey123 for ArcGIS is perhaps, one of those applications that superficial nerds like me would like; it's easy to configure, kiddie-level degree of customization with 'coding' (for that fragile ego-stroke) and user-friendly template to use. 

No app development/coding experience is required to publish a survey form and believe it or not, you can, personalize your survey to not look so meh. 

It took me some time to stumble through the procedures of enabling this feature before I understand the 'ArcGIS Online' ecosystem to which this app is chained to. 

So how do we do it? And why doesn't it work pronto?

This issue may be due to the fact that when we first start creating our forms, we go through the generic step-by-step procedures that leave little to imagination what was happening. Most of the time, we're too eager to find out how it really work. 

When we publish a Survey123 form; be it from the Survey123 website portal or the Survey123 Connect for ArcGIS software, we are actually creating and publishing a folder that contains a hosted feature layer and a form. It is on that hosted feature layer that we add, delete, update or edit data it. From ArcGIS Online, it looks like any feature service that we publish out of ArcGIS Desktop or ArcGIS Pro, save for the special folder it is placed in with a 'Form' file. 

To enable any offline function in any hosted feature layer in ArcGIS Online, you will need to enable the 'Sync' feature. So far, in many technical articles that I have gone through to learn how to enable this offline feature always goes back to 'Prepare basemaps for offline use'. It is a tad bit frustrating. But my experience when deal with 'Collector for ArcGIS' gave me the sense of epiphany when it comes to Survey123. So when you have prepared your Survey123 form for offline usage and it still doesn't work...do not be alarmed and let's see how to rectify the issue. 

1. Locate your survey's hosted feature layer

At your ArcGIS Online home page, click 'Content' at the main tab. We're going to go directly to your hosted feature layer that was generated for your survey when you published. 

Locate your survey folder. Click it open 

In the survey folder, navigate to the survey's hosted feature layer and click 'Options' button; the triple ellipses icon

At at the dropdown, click 'View item details'. Please refer to the screenshot below: 

2. Change the hosted feature layer settings

At the item details page, navigate to the 'Settings' button at the main header and click it. This will prompt open the settings page for the feature layer. Refer to the screenshot below:

At the 'Settings' page, there are two tabs at the subheader; 'General' and 'Feature layer (hosted)'. Click 'Feature layer (hosted)' to configure its settings.

At the 'Feature layer (hosted)' option, locate the 'Editing' section. Here, check the 'Enable sync' option. This is the option that will enable offline data editing. Please refer to the following screenshot: 

Don't forget to click 'Save'

With this, your hosted feature layer which serves as the data model is enabled for synchronization. Synchronization helps to sync back any changes you've made when you're out on the field collecting data; editing, adding, deleting or update...depending on what feature editing you've configured. 

It's pretty easy once you get the hang of it and just bear in mind that the data hierarchy in the ArcGIS Online universe are as follows:

Feature layer (hosted) > Web map > Web application

Once you get that out of the way, go crazy with your data collection without any worries!

code & run

Coding is one of the things I have aspired to do since like...forever! But finding a resource in-sync with my comprehension, schedule and able to retain my interest long enough is a challenge.

I have the attention span of a gnat so, I jumped everywhere! If I am not actively engaged with the learning, I just can't do it. And I know...we have DataCamp, Udemy, Khan Academy and even Kaggle...but I either can't keep up, too poor to pay for the full course or it couldn't sync with me enough. I believe I can say that most of the exercise doesn't 'vibe' with me.

Recently, I committed myself to my one passion; running. It's one of my favorite activities when I was back in school but the will to really run died a decade ago. I have recently picked up my running shoes and ran my little heart out despite having the speed of a running ant; aging perhaps? And I owe my hardcore will to the motivation of earning what I paid when I decided to join a 1-month long virtual run of 65km. It is called the 'Pave Your Path' virtual run organized by

Running Station

. Nailed it 2 days ago after 13 sessions of 5km - yes, you can accumulate the distance from multiple runs. It made me realize that...it's not that bad. The 'near-death' experience while running kinda turned me into a daredevil these days when it comes to undertaking some things I'd whine about doing a few months back.

"If I can go through dying every single evening for 5km long run...I can handle this,"

My thoughts exactly every time I feel so reluctant to finish some tasks I believe I could hold off for some time.

Naturally, I plan my work rigorously and despite the flexibility of my schedule and my detailed plans, I still have a hard time trying to nail the last coffin to my projects. Usually, it's due to my brain's exhaustion from overthinking or I am just truly tired physically. Which is a weird situation given I do not farm for a living. Even so, I was lethargic all the time.

But when I started running a month ago, things kind of fall into places for me. Maybe...just maybe...I've become more alert than I used to. I still have my ignorance of things that I believe do not concern my immediate attention but I seem to be able to network my thoughts faster than I used to.

It might be just me, feeling like a new person due to my sheer willpower to not burn my RM60 paid for the virtual run, but it did feel like there was a change.

For that, I managed to confirm what I have suspected all along - I am one of those people who love drills. I like things to be drilled into my head until I by-heart it into efficiency and then focus on polishing the effectiveness.

Thus...for coding, I committed myself to

freeCodeCamp

. By hook or by crook, I'll be coding by first quarter next year or someone's head is gonna roll!

It's an interactive learning experience simple enough for me to start, straightforward enough to not make me waste my time searching for answers and it's free. God bless Quincy Larson.

Going back to the program outlined in freeCodeCamp, I find it fascinating that they start off with HTML. I have no arguments there. My impatience made me learn my lesson - you run too fast, you're going to burn out painfully and drop dead before you halfway through. HTML is a very gentle introduction to coding for newbies since it's like LEGO building blocks where you arrange blocks and match two to create something. I didn't have to go crazy with frustration is I don't 'get' it. Yes, we would all want some Python lovin' and I think alot of coders I came to know have raved about how simple it is to learn. But I think, it is an opinion shared by 'experienced' coders who wished Python was there when they first started coding. Someone once told me, what you think is the best based on others' experiences may not be the best for you...and I agree with this. After alot of deliberations and patience at my end, starting over again this time feels, unlike the dreaded looming doom I've always had back then.

Are you into coding? What do you code and what's you're language preference? Where did you learn coding? Feel free to share with me!

Have you ever heard of the binning technique?

My favorite cartographer is John M. Nelson. In fact, he's the one who actually got me searching what 'cartography' really is. Fortunately, he's a mix of a storyteller/technical support analyst/designer. So, his techniques are the ones I have least trouble understanding. And this is by no means a comment meant to offend because really, I'm a little slow and John is a very 'generous' teacher when it comes to explaining things; even through replies in posts. You can witness his work first hand at his own blog posts here;

https://adventuresinmapping.com/

So, the first of his work that captured my attention is the Six Month Drought of the American Southeast map created using the binning method. I didn't even know what binning is, but the map was so pretty it had me announcing my loyalty to #cartography hashtags. 

So what is binning? According to GIS Lounge, binning is a data modification technique where original data values is converted into a range of small intervals called bins. Bins will then be replaced with a values that is representative of that interval to reduce the number of data points. 

Okay. It should be a no-brainer. But the data he used was the polygon shapefiles of droughts' extent and their severity. Although it is still unknown to me how USGS actually collect this data but his map is sang the deserving anthem to their hard work. But alas, I never had the chance to reproduce it. I do not have the knack of identifying interesting data of any sort, so I either am stuck with reproducing a redundant work or waste my time in a wild goose chase for data; I'm a noob with a tunnel-vision focus. I won't even vote myself if we have a jungle excursion that requires mapping cause we'll be stuck longer than necessary. 

Even so, one year later, precisely this moment...I found a valid reason to attempt this. And it's all because I need to validate satellite imagery classification some colleagues made to show hot spots of global deforestation. I am not a remote sensing wizard, but vector data...now that I can work with. 

Using the same binning technique, I can summarize the steps as follows:

Merge all the data of deforestation variables  Generate hexagonal tessellation  Create the hexagon centroids  Use 'Spatial Join' to sum up the weights of overlapping polygon features of the merged data and join it with the hexagonal centroids   Then configure symbology 

Visualizing was a herculean effort for my brain. The map John made is a bivariate map. And compared to his data which has 2 numerical variables to enable that, mine only had one and it is the summation of the ranking weight I ensued on the deforestation variables. He merged all the shapefiles of weeks after weeks of drought severity readings. Me...I just manage this >>>

My first attempt was to just visualize the probability of the deforestation using the centroid point sizes.

That wasn't much of a success because visually, it doesn't actually appeal to my comprehension. It looks good when you zoom in closer because it gives off that newspaper print feel with that basemap. From this whole extent, it's not helpful.

So, after I tried to no avail to make it work with toggling the size and the colors, I found that instead of trying to make it look nice, I better opt on answering the questions posed by my colleague; could you identify the areas of high likeliness of prolonged deforestation? For that purpose, only hexagonal mesh would do the trick. So based on the 10 km sq size of their hexagons that depicts the areas of deforestation based on image classification, I used 'Spatial Join' too again and join the centroids back their predecessor hexagons to carry the binned values. 

Et voila!

The weight summation was of the degree of prolonged deforestation likeliness and the values range all the way to 24. I made 4 intervals which gave a practical visualization. Eight intervals were pushing it and 6 was not pleasant. It could be my color palette choice that made them unappealing but too many intervals will defeat my purpose. 

Yay or nay...I'm not too sure about it. But I do believe that this summarizes the areas where conservationists should be on the alert with. 

After having a discussion with a colleague, yeah...this technique has a lot of gaps. 

ONE; this is not a point feature. Using the values where the centroid touches/overlays ONLY is not exactly a precise method. Although, it is not wrong either.

TWO; The merged polygonal data came off as OVERLAPPING polygonal features. 

Overlooking the shortcomings and just using it to visually aid cross-checking...yea maybe. Even then...it's not as laser-point precise as one would aspire. I stand humbled. 

Story Map for Noobs: Cascade | WWF Network

Story Map is a web application template product that has been popularized in ArcGIS Online for a user-friendly and comprehensive narrative of maps. The ‘Cascade’ template has become the seamless interface of choice due to it’s ribbon transitions and availability of content streaming from external sources. 

Please refer to the following link for resources used in this webinar:

Story Map for Noobs: Cascade web application

📌 Availability: Retracted in 2021