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1 year ago

as flight directors, you are in charge of a lot of the operations, but do you ever get to experience handling controls or zero gravity simulation? do you have to know every aspect of everyone's job?


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1 year ago

Hello! I am an avid lover of the cosmos and all things too grand for our minds to grasp. I was wondering, honestly, how do you cope with the pressure of your jobs, or say the scale of what is on your shoulders? It's quite an impressive thing you do, and it just gets me curious as to how you deal with the expectations that come with this type of job? Like, when you go home at night and eat your dinner, go to bed, do you have to practice mindfulness? Thanks for answering these! Love you guys!!!


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1 year ago

What do films and TV get wrong about your job the most?


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1 year ago

do you have a favourite planet etc?


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1 year ago

How did you choose your Flight Director name?


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1 year ago

Hi do you guys really say Houston when responding to each other !?!đŸ€Ș


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1 year ago

Anonymous asked:

What is the best about being mission control?


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1 year ago

Do you guys (everyone at mission control) have inside jokes?

What is the best about being mission control?

As someone who's about to go to college to hopefully be astronaut if everything goes to plan. What is some good advice you wish someone told you?


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1 year ago

What do you do when things don't go according to plan?


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1 year ago

What’s it like having the coolest job ever?


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1 year ago

out of all the roles you've had in the past, which one do you feel has best prepared you to be a flight director?


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1 year ago

I really want to work for NASA but I do not have a background in science or engineering. Are there any career paths at NASA that I could still achieve?


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1 year ago

how can one work in nasa? it's my dream to work in nasa someday, right now, I'm just a high schooler but I've been planning out my trajectory so some advice and tips would be helpful.


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1 year ago

Did what you study in college prepare you for this career choice? How did you figure out this career was something you were interested in?


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1 year ago

How did you get to where you are now? and di you always know that this is where you wanted to end up?


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1 year ago
Chloe Mehring, a woman with shoulder-length brown hair, poses for a picture in the Mission Control Center at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston. She wears a black blazer, and her arms are crossed as she smiles. Behind her are several desks lining an aisle. On the desks are many computer screens. Large screens line the walls with the logos of NASA and other space agencies, times, maps, and more information. Credit: NASA
Diane Dailey, a woman with brown hair, poses for a picture in the Mission Control Center at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston. She wears a black blazer, and her arms are crossed as she smiles. Dailey stands at a desk with three monitors on it, as well as a telephone and several cords. Her nameplate, reading “Flight Director” is visible at the center of the photo. Behind her are several large screens lining the walls. Various information is displayed on those screens, but a map of the world and the Horizon Flight logo are most prominent. There are also people working at other desks in the room. Credit: NASA

Tumblr, this is Houston speaking! The flight directors Answer Time with Chloe Mehring and Diane Dailey is live. Stay tuned to learn about what happens in mission control, how to become a flight director, and what Hollywood sometimes gets wrong about the job. View ALL the answers HERE.

Make sure to follow us on Tumblr for your regular dose of space!


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1 year ago
Hello There 👋

Hello there 👋

Welcome to Mindful Monday. It’s good to see you 🧘

For our second week, we’ve got an offer of mindfulness y’all can’t POSSIBLY refuse: join us as we tour the rings of Saturn with NASA! Turn on, tune in, and space out to relaxing music and stunning ultra-high-definition visuals of our cosmic neighborhood 🌌

Sounds good, right? Of course, it does. You can watch even more Space Out episodes on NASA+, a new, no-cost, ad-free streaming service.

Why not give it a try? Just a few minutes this Monday morning can make all the difference to your entire week, as @nasa helps to bring mindfulness from the stars and straight to you. 

🧘WATCH: Space Out with NASA: Rings of Saturn 12/04 at 1pm EST🧘

1 year ago

Our Answer Time with flight directors Diane Dailey and Chloe Mehring is now scheduled for Dec. 7 at 12 p.m. EST (9 a.m. PST). Join us then to see your questions answered!

At top is Chloe Mehring, a woman with shoulder-length brown hair, poses for a picture in the Mission Control Center at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston. She wears a black blazer, and her arms are crossed as she smiles. The words "Chloe Mehring" are underneath her arms. Behind her are several desks lining an aisle. On the desks are many computer screens. Large screens line the walls with the logos of NASA and other space agencies, times, maps, and more information.

Diane Dailey (bottom), a woman with brown hair, poses for a picture in the Mission Control Center at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston. She wears a black blazer, and her arms are crossed as she smiles. Her name, "Diane Dailey" is written below her. Dailey stands at a desk with three monitors on it, as well as a telephone and several cords. Her nameplate, reading “Flight Director” is visible at the center of the photo. Behind her are several large screens lining the walls. Various information is displayed on those screens, but a map of the world and the Horizon Flight logo are most prominent. There are also people working at other desks in the room. 

In the center of the image is an orange many-pointed star shape. The text in the sticker says "Tumblr answer time." Credit: NASA, Tumblr

What’s It Like to Work in NASA’s Mission Control Center?

In the latest installment of our First Woman graphic novel series, we see Commander Callie Rodriguez embark on the next phase of her trailblazing journey, as she leaves the Moon to take the helm at Mission Control.

Two panels from the second issue of First Woman, NASA’s graphic novel series following fictional astronaut Callie Rodriguez. In the first panel, Callie, dressed in a suit, speaks to an astronaut while working at Mission Control. She says, “Commander! We’re getting updated readings from the surface. The weather’s changing rapidly. There’s a new dust storm at the landing site. You may have to assume manual control as you approach the surface. The decision will be yours.” The speech bubble overlaps into the second panel, which shows the many desks and computer monitors in Mission Control. On the screen, we can see the astronaut Callie is speaking to. Credit: NASA

Flight directors work in Mission Control to oversee operations of the International Space Station and Artemis missions to the Moon. They have a unique, overarching perspective focused on integration between all the systems that make a mission a success – flight directors have to learn a little about a lot.

Diane Dailey and Chloe Mehring were selected as flight directors in 2021. They’ll be taking your questions about what it’s like to lead teams of flight controllers, engineers, and countless professionals, both agencywide and internationally, in an Answer Time session on Nov. 28, 2023, from noon to 1 p.m. EST (9-10 a.m. PST) here on our Tumblr!

Like Callie, how did their unique backgrounds and previous experience, prepare them for this role? What are they excited about as we return to the Moon?

🚹 Ask your questions now by visiting https://nasa.tumblr.com/ask.

Diane Dailey started her career at NASA in 2006 in the space station Environmental Control and Life Support Systems (ECLSS) group. As an ECLSS flight controller, she logged more than 1,700 hours of console time, supported 10 space shuttle missions, and led the ECLSS team. She transitioned to the Integration and System Engineering (ISE) group, where she was the lead flight controller for the 10th and 21st Commercial Resupply Services missions for SpaceX. In addition, she was the ISE lead for NASA’s SpaceX Demo-1 and Demo-2 crew spacecraft test flights. Dailey was also a capsule communicator (Capcom) controller and instructor.

She was selected as a flight director in 2021 and chose her call sign of “Horizon Flight” during her first shift in November of that year. She has since served as the Lead Flight director for the ISS Expedition 68, led the development of a contingency spacewalk, and led a spacewalk in June to install a new solar array on the space station. She is currently working on development of the upcoming Artemis II mission and the Human Lander Systems which will return humanity to the moon. Dailey was raised in Lubbock, Texas, and graduated from Texas A&M University in College Station with a bachelor’s degree in biomedical engineering. She is married and a mother of two. She enjoys cooking, traveling, and spending time outdoors.

Chloe Mehring started her NASA career in 2008 in the Flight Operations’ propulsion systems group and supported 11 space shuttle missions. She served as propulsion support officer for Exploration Flight Test-1, the first test flight of the Orion spacecraft that will be used for Artemis missions to the Moon. Mehring was also a lead NASA propulsion officer for SpaceX’s Crew Dragon spacecraft and served as backup lead for the Boeing Starliner spacecraft. She was accepted into the 2021 Flight Director class and worked her first shift in February 2022, taking on the call sign “Lion Flight”. Since becoming certified, she has worked over 100 shifts, lead the NG-17 cargo resupply mission team, and executed two United States spacewalks within 10 days of each other. She became certified as a Boeing Starliner Flight Director, sat console for the unmanned test flight in May 2022 (OFT-2) and will be leading the undock team for the first crewed mission on Starliner in the spring of next year. She originally is from Mifflinville, Pennsylvania, and graduated with a bachelor’s degree in aerospace engineering from The Pennsylvania State University in State College. She is a wife, a mom to one boy, and she enjoys fitness, cooking and gardening.


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1 year ago
Hello There 👋

Hello there 👋

Welcome back to Mindful Mondays! 🧘

Mondays are, famously, most people’s seventh favorite day of the week. And Mondays where everything is darker, longer, and colder than normal? Thanks, but no thanks.

But don’t panic; we’ve got something to help. It might be small, but it can make a big difference. Just ten minutes of mindfulness can go a long way, and taking some time out to sit down, slow down, and breathe can help center your thoughts and balance your mood. Sometimes, the best things in life really are free.

This year, we have teamed up with the good folks at @nasa. They want you to tune in and space out to relaxing music and ultra-high-definition visuals of the cosmos—from the surface of Mars.  

Sounds good, right? Well, it gets better. Watch more Space Out episodes on NASA+, a new no-cost, ad-free streaming service.

Why not give it a try? Just a few minutes this Monday morning can make all the difference, and we are bringing mindfulness straight to you. 

🧘WATCH: Space Out with NASA: Martian Landscapes, 11/27 at 1pm EST🧘

Space Out with NASA: Martian Landscapes
YouTube
Explore the surface of Mars as you turn on, tune in, and space out to relaxing music and stunning ultra-high-definition visuals of our cosmi
1 year ago

Black Hole Friday Deals!

Ad-style comic titled “Black Hole Friday Sales.” Middle of the page “Out-of-this-world deals!” Scattered throughout are illustrated “coupons.” From top to bottom, the taglines read: “Free travel guide to planning your next black hole vacation (when you purchase a cosmic timeshare)”; “Add some planets to your system with this exoplanet bundle!”; “Accretion disk skirt: Be the center of attention. Made of 100% recycled material”; “Standard candles: Reliably bright. Non-scented. Long-lasting burn”; Stephan’s Quintet: A 5-for-1 galactic deal”; “Black hole merger: Get ready to ride this (gravitational) wave before this deal ends”; “Widow system: Act quickly before these stars disappear!”; “Black holes: the perfect (permanent) storage solution”; “Spaghettify! Noodles: Feed the black hole of your stomach”; and “Ready Space Player One. Limited time offer: Roman Space Observer Black Hole DLC! This weekend only!” At the bottom “Get these deals before they disappear beyond the point of no return."

Get these deals before they are sucked into a black hole and gone forever! This “Black Hole Friday,” we have some cosmic savings that are sure to be out of this world.

Your classic black holes — the ultimate storage solution.

Galactic 5-for-1 special! Learn more about Stephan’s Quintet.

Limited-time offer game DLC! Try your hand at the Roman Space Observer Video Game, Black Hole edition, available this weekend only.

Standard candles: Exploding stars that are reliably bright. Multi-functional — can be used to measure distances in space!

Feed the black hole in your stomach. Spaghettification’s on the menu.

Act quickly before the stars in this widow system are gone!

Add some planets to your solar system! Grab our Exoplanet Bundle.

Get ready to ride this (gravitational) wave before this Black Hole Merger ends!

Be the center of attention in this stylish accretion disk skirt. Made of 100% recycled cosmic material.

Should you ever travel to a black hole? No. But if you do, here’s a free guide to make your trip as safe* as possible. *Note: black holes are never safe. 

Make sure to follow us on Tumblr for your regular dose of space!


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1 year ago
NASA’s Space Launch System rocket carrying the Orion spacecraft launches on the Artemis I flight test, Wednesday, Nov. 16, 2022, from Launch Complex 39B at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The body of the rocket is orange, and it has two white boosters and a white spacecraft sitting on top. As the boosters ignite, they illuminate the launch pad, the water towers, and the lightning towers. The night sky is black in the background. Credits: NASA/Keegan Barber

Moonbound: One Year Since Artemis I

On this day last year, the Artemis I rocket and spacecraft lit up the sky and embarked on the revolutionary mission to the Moon and back. The first integrated flight test of the rocket and spacecraft continued for 25.5 days, validating NASA’s deep exploration systems and setting the stage for humanity’s return to the lunar surface.

NASA’s Space Launch System rocket carrying the Orion spacecraft launches on the Artemis I flight test, Wednesday, Nov. 16, 2022, from Launch Complex 39B at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The ignition of the boosters fill the image with a bright golden glow. The night sky is black in the background. Credit: NASA/Joel Kowsky

On Nov. 16, 2022, the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket met or exceeded all expectations during its debut launch on Artemis I. The twin solid rocket booster motors responsible for producing more than 7 million pounds of thrust at liftoff reached their performance target, helping SLS and the Orion spacecraft reach a speed of about 4,000 mph in just over two minutes before the boosters separated.

The interior of the Orion spacecraft, bathed in a soft blue light. The back of Commander Moonikin Campos’ head can be seen from behind the commander’s seat. He is wearing an orange Orion Crew Survival System spacesuit and is facing the display of the Callisto payload, Lockheed Martin’s technology demonstration in collaboration with Amazon and Cisco. A Snoopy doll can be seen floating in the background. Credit: NASA

Quite a few payloads caught a ride aboard the Orion spacecraft on the Artemis I mission: In addition to a number of small scientific satellites called CubeSats, a manikin named Commander Moonikin Campos sat in the commander’s seat. A Snoopy doll served as a zero-gravity indicator — something that floats inside the spacecraft to demonstrate microgravity. 

On flight day 13 of the Artemis I mission, Orion captured this view of Earth and the Moon on either sides of one of the spacecraft’s four solar arrays. The spacecraft is white and gray and stands out against the blackness of space. Credit: NASA

During the mission, Orion performed two lunar flybys, coming within 80 miles of the lunar surface. At its farthest distance during the mission, Orion traveled nearly 270,000 miles from our home planet, more than 1,000 times farther than where the International Space Station orbits Earth. This surpassed the record for distance traveled by a spacecraft designed to carry humans, previously set during Apollo 13.

After splashing down at 12:40 p.m. EST on Dec. 11, 2022, U.S. Navy divers help recover the Orion Spacecraft for the Artemis I mission. NASA, the Navy and other Department of Defense partners worked together to secure the spacecraft inside the well deck of USS Portland approximately five hours after Orion splashed down in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of California. Credit: NASA/Josh Valcarcel

The Orion spacecraft arrived back home to planet Earth on Dec. 11, 2022. During re-entry, Orion endured temperatures about half as hot as the surface of the Sun at about 5,000 degrees Fahrenheit. Within about 20 minutes, Orion slowed from nearly 25,000 mph to about 20 mph for its parachute-assisted splashdown. 

Inside the Multi-Payload Processing Facility at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, engineers and technicians opened the hatch of the Orion spacecraft for the Artemis I mission after a 1.4-million mile journey beyond the Moon and back. Technicians extracted nine avionics boxes from the Orion, which will subsequently be refurbished for Artemis II, the first mission with astronauts. Contents include a video processing unit, GPS receiver, four crew module phased array antennas, and three Orion inertial measurement units. Credit: NASA

Recovery teams successfully retrieved the spacecraft and delivered it back to NASA’s Kennedy Space Center for de-servicing operations, which included removing the payloads (like Snoopy and Commander Moonikin Campos) and analyzing the heat shield.  

Artemis II astronauts, from left, NASA astronaut Victor Glover (left), CSA (Canadian Space Agency) astronaut Jeremy Hansen, NASA astronauts Christina Koch and Reid Wiseman stand on the crew access arm of the mobile launcher at Launch Pad 39B as part of an integrated ground systems test at Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Wednesday, Sept. 20. The test ensures the ground systems team is ready to support the crew timeline on launch day. Credit: NASA/Frank Michaux

With the Artemis I mission under our belt, we look ahead to Artemis II — our first crewed mission to the Moon in over 50 years. Four astronauts will fly around the Moon inside Orion, practicing piloting the spacecraft and validating the spacecraft’s life support systems. The Artemis II crew includes: NASA astronauts Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover, and Christina Koch, and CSA astronaut Jeremy Hansen. 

As we look ahead to Artemis II, we build upon the incredible success of the Artemis I mission and recognize the hard work and achievements of the entire Artemis team. Go Artemis!

Make sure to follow us on Tumblr for your regular dose of space!


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1 year ago
At top is Chloe Mehring, a woman with shoulder-length brown hair, poses for a picture in the Mission Control Center at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston. She wears a black blazer, and her arms are crossed as she smiles. The words "Chloe Mehring" are underneath her arms. Behind her are several desks lining an aisle. On the desks are many computer screens. Large screens line the walls with the logos of NASA and other space agencies, times, maps, and more information.

Diane Dailey (bottom), a woman with brown hair, poses for a picture in the Mission Control Center at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston. She wears a black blazer, and her arms are crossed as she smiles. Her name, "Diane Dailey" is written below her. Dailey stands at a desk with three monitors on it, as well as a telephone and several cords. Her nameplate, reading “Flight Director” is visible at the center of the photo. Behind her are several large screens lining the walls. Various information is displayed on those screens, but a map of the world and the Horizon Flight logo are most prominent. There are also people working at other desks in the room. 

In the center of the image is an orange many-pointed star shape. The text in the sticker says "Tumblr answer time." Credit: NASA, Tumblr

What’s It Like to Work in NASA’s Mission Control Center?

In the latest installment of our First Woman graphic novel series, we see Commander Callie Rodriguez embark on the next phase of her trailblazing journey, as she leaves the Moon to take the helm at Mission Control.

Two panels from the second issue of First Woman, NASA’s graphic novel series following fictional astronaut Callie Rodriguez. In the first panel, Callie, dressed in a suit, speaks to an astronaut while working at Mission Control. She says, “Commander! We’re getting updated readings from the surface. The weather’s changing rapidly. There’s a new dust storm at the landing site. You may have to assume manual control as you approach the surface. The decision will be yours.” The speech bubble overlaps into the second panel, which shows the many desks and computer monitors in Mission Control. On the screen, we can see the astronaut Callie is speaking to. Credit: NASA

Flight directors work in Mission Control to oversee operations of the International Space Station and Artemis missions to the Moon. They have a unique, overarching perspective focused on integration between all the systems that make a mission a success – flight directors have to learn a little about a lot.

Diane Dailey and Chloe Mehring were selected as flight directors in 2021. They’ll be taking your questions about what it’s like to lead teams of flight controllers, engineers, and countless professionals, both agencywide and internationally, in an Answer Time session on Nov. 28, 2023, from noon to 1 p.m. EST (9-10 a.m. PST) here on our Tumblr!

Like Callie, how did their unique backgrounds and previous experience, prepare them for this role? What are they excited about as we return to the Moon?

🚹 Ask your questions now by visiting https://nasa.tumblr.com/ask.

Diane Dailey started her career at NASA in 2006 in the space station Environmental Control and Life Support Systems (ECLSS) group. As an ECLSS flight controller, she logged more than 1,700 hours of console time, supported 10 space shuttle missions, and led the ECLSS team. She transitioned to the Integration and System Engineering (ISE) group, where she was the lead flight controller for the 10th and 21st Commercial Resupply Services missions for SpaceX. In addition, she was the ISE lead for NASA’s SpaceX Demo-1 and Demo-2 crew spacecraft test flights. Dailey was also a capsule communicator (Capcom) controller and instructor.

She was selected as a flight director in 2021 and chose her call sign of “Horizon Flight” during her first shift in November of that year. She has since served as the Lead Flight director for the ISS Expedition 68, led the development of a contingency spacewalk, and led a spacewalk in June to install a new solar array on the space station. She is currently working on development of the upcoming Artemis II mission and the Human Lander Systems which will return humanity to the moon. Dailey was raised in Lubbock, Texas, and graduated from Texas A&M University in College Station with a bachelor’s degree in biomedical engineering. She is married and a mother of two. She enjoys cooking, traveling, and spending time outdoors.

Chloe Mehring started her NASA career in 2008 in the Flight Operations’ propulsion systems group and supported 11 space shuttle missions. She served as propulsion support officer for Exploration Flight Test-1, the first test flight of the Orion spacecraft that will be used for Artemis missions to the Moon. Mehring was also a lead NASA propulsion officer for SpaceX’s Crew Dragon spacecraft and served as backup lead for the Boeing Starliner spacecraft. She was accepted into the 2021 Flight Director class and worked her first shift in February 2022, taking on the call sign “Lion Flight”. Since becoming certified, she has worked over 100 shifts, lead the NG-17 cargo resupply mission team, and executed two United States spacewalks within 10 days of each other. She became certified as a Boeing Starliner Flight Director, sat console for the unmanned test flight in May 2022 (OFT-2) and will be leading the undock team for the first crewed mission on Starliner in the spring of next year. She originally is from Mifflinville, Pennsylvania, and graduated with a bachelor’s degree in aerospace engineering from The Pennsylvania State University in State College. She is a wife, a mom to one boy, and she enjoys fitness, cooking and gardening.


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1 year ago
Vibrantly hued shapes speckle an image with a black background. Orbs glowing red, yellow, and blue are strewn across the frame, and a large, translucent blue haze dominates most of the center. Credit: NASA, ESA, and M. Brodwin (University of Missouri)

Astronomers used three of NASA's Great Observatories to capture this multiwavelength image showing galaxy cluster IDCS J1426.5+3508. It includes X-rays recorded by the Chandra X-ray Observatory in blue, visible light observed by the Hubble Space Telescope in green, and infrared light from the Spitzer Space Telescope in red. This rare galaxy cluster has important implications for understanding how these megastructures formed and evolved early in the universe.

How Astronomers Time Travel

Let’s add another item to your travel bucket list: the early universe! You don’t need the type of time machine you see in sci-fi movies, and you don’t have to worry about getting trapped in the past. You don’t even need to leave the comfort of your home! All you need is a powerful space-based telescope.

But let’s start small and work our way up to the farthest reaches of space. We’ll explain how it all works along the way.

This animation shows a small, blue planet Earth at the left of the frame and an even smaller white dot representing the Moon at the right. The background is black. A beam of light travels back and forth between them. The graphic is labeled “Earth and Moon to scale, Speed of light in real-time, surface-to-surface in 1.255 seconds, average distance 384,400 km.” Credit: James O'Donoghue, used with permission

This animation illustrates how fast light travels between Earth and the Moon. The farther light has to travel, the more noticeable its speed limit becomes.

The speed of light is superfast, but it isn’t infinite. It travels at about 186,000 miles (300 million meters) per second. That means that it takes time for the light from any object to reach our eyes. The farther it is, the more time it takes.

You can see nearby things basically in real time because the light travel time isn’t long enough to make a difference. Even if an object is 100 miles (161 kilometers) away, it takes just 0.0005 seconds for light to travel that far. But on astronomical scales, the effects become noticeable.

The Sun and planets are lined up along the center of the frame with distances shown to scale. The title is “The Solar System: with real-time speed of light.” Earth is labeled 1 AU, 8 minutes 17 seconds; Jupiter is 5.2 AU, 43 minutes 17 seconds; Saturn is 9.6 AU, 1 hour 20 minutes; Uranus is 19.2 AU, 2 hours 40 minutes; and Neptune is 30 AU, 4 hours 10 minutes. The bottom of the graphic says, “1 AU (astronomical unit) = 93 million miles, or 150 million kilometers.” Credit: James O'Donoghue, used with permission

This infographic shows how long it takes light to travel to different planets in our solar system.

Within our solar system, light’s speed limit means it can take a while to communicate back and forth between spacecraft and ground stations on Earth. We see the Moon, Sun, and planets as they were slightly in the past, but it's not usually far enough back to be scientifically interesting.

As we peer farther out into our galaxy, we use light-years to talk about distances. Smaller units like miles or kilometers would be too overwhelming and we’d lose a sense of their meaning. One light-year – the distance light travels in a year – is nearly 6 trillion miles (9.5 trillion kilometers). And that’s just a tiny baby step into the cosmos.

The Sun’s closest neighboring star, Proxima Centauri, is 4.2 light-years away. That means we see it as it was about four years ago. Betelgeuse, a more distant (and more volatile) stellar neighbor, is around 700 light-years away. Because of light’s lag time, astronomers don’t know for sure whether this supergiant star is still there! It may have already blasted itself apart in a supernova explosion – but it probably has another 10,000 years or more to go.

An undulating, translucent star-forming region in the Carina Nebula, hued in ambers and blues. Foreground stars with diffraction spikes can be seen, as can a speckling of background points of light through the cloudy nebula. Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, and STScI

What looks much like craggy mountains on a moonlit evening is actually the edge of a nearby, young, star-forming region NGC 3324 in the Carina Nebula. Captured in infrared light by the Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) on NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope, this image reveals previously obscured areas of star birth.

The Carina Nebula clocks in at 7,500 light-years away, which means the light we receive from it today began its journey about 3,000 years before the pyramids of Giza in Egypt were built! Many new stars there have undoubtedly been born by now, but their light may not reach Earth for thousands of years.

Glowing spiral arms are twisted around like a cosmic cinnamon roll. A bright yellow oval is diagonal in the center of the frame, and sprays of stars extend outward from it like tentacles. Pink, white, and blue stars speckle the spiral arms and dusty lanes lie in between. The glowing arms are streaked with smaller clumps of dust. Credit: NASA and Nick Risinger

An artist’s concept of our Milky Way galaxy, with rough locations for the Sun and Carina nebula marked.

If we zoom way out, you can see that 7,500 light-years away is still pretty much within our neighborhood. Let’s look further back in time


Spiral galaxy NGC 5643 with a bright, barred center surrounded by an orange-y glow. Vaguely purplish swirling arms extend outward from the center and appear somewhat mottled as streams of dust block white and blue stars in the arms here and there. A few stars are each surrounded by many sharp diffraction spikes. Credit: ESA/Hubble and NASA, A. Riess et al.; acknowledgement: Mahdi Zamani

This stunning image by the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope features the spiral galaxy NGC 5643. Looking this good isn’t easy; 30 different exposures, for a total of nine hours of observation time, together with Hubble’s high resolution and clarity, were needed to produce an image of such exquisite detail and beauty.

Peering outside our Milky Way galaxy transports us much further into the past. The Andromeda galaxy, our nearest large galactic neighbor, is about 2.5 million light-years away. And that’s still pretty close, as far as the universe goes. The image above shows the spiral galaxy NGC 5643, which is about 60 million light-years away! That means we see it as it was about 60 million years ago.

As telescopes look deeper into the universe, they capture snapshots in time from different cosmic eras. Astronomers can stitch those snapshots together to unravel things like galaxy evolution. The closest ones are more mature; we see them nearly as they truly are in the present day because their light doesn’t have to travel as far to reach us. We can’t rewind those galaxies (or our own), but we can get clues about how they likely developed. Looking at galaxies that are farther and farther away means seeing these star cities in ever earlier stages of development.

The farthest galaxies we can see are both old and young. They’re billions of years old now, and the light we receive from them is ancient since it took so long to traverse the cosmos. But since their light was emitted when the galaxies were young, it gives us a view of their infancy.

The animation begins with a tiny dot of purplish light which quickly explodes, with a flash of light blossoming out to cover the whole frame. The light subsides and the screen shows galaxies of smudgy or spiral shapes racing outward from the center of the frame. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center

This animation is an artist’s concept of the big bang, with representations of the early universe and its expansion.

Comparing how fast objects at different distances are moving away opened up the biggest mystery in modern astronomy: cosmic acceleration. The universe was already expanding as a result of the big bang, but astronomers expected it to slow down over time. Instead, it’s speeding up!

The universe’s expansion makes it tricky to talk about the distances of the farthest objects. We often use lookback time, which is the amount of time it took for an object’s light to reach us. That’s simpler than using a literal distance, because an object that was 10 billion light-years away when it emitted the light we received from it would actually be more than 16 billion light-years away right now, due to the expansion of space. We can even see objects that are presently over 30 billion light-years from Earth, even though the universe is only about 14 billion years old.

Hundreds of red, yellow, white, and blue galaxies are sprinkled across a black background, appearing as small, brightly colored smudges. The tiniest galaxies appear as mere dots, while larger ones are disk-shaped. One blue star with six diffraction spikes shines in the lower-left corner. Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, and M. Zamani (ESA/Webb). Science: B. Robertson (UCSC), S. Tacchella (Cambridge), E. Curtis-Lake (Hertfordshire), S. Carniani (Scuola Normale Superiore), and the JADES Collaboration

This James Webb Space Telescope image shines with the light from galaxies that are more than 13.4 billion years old, dating back to less than 400 million years after the big bang.

Our James Webb Space Telescope has helped us time travel back more than 13.4 billion years, to when the universe was less than 400 million years old. When our Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope launches in a few years, astronomers will pair its vast view of space with Webb’s zooming capabilities to study the early universe in better ways than ever before. And don’t worry – these telescopes will make plenty of pit stops along the way at other exciting cosmic destinations across space and time.

Learn more about the exciting science Roman will investigate on X and Facebook.

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1 year ago
Artist’s concept showing the seven planets discovered orbiting a Sun-like star. The system, called Kepler-385, was identified using data from NASA’s Kepler mission. Credit: NASA/Daniel Rutter

Hot New Planetary System Just Dropped.

We hope you like your planetary systems extra spicy. đŸ”„

A new system of seven sizzling planets has been discovered using data from our retired Kepler space telescope.

Named Kepler-385, it’s part of a new catalog of planet candidates and multi-planet systems discovered using Kepler.

The discovery helps illustrate that multi-planetary systems have more circular orbits around the host star than systems with only one or two planets.

Our Kepler mission is responsible for the discovery of the most known exoplanets to date. The space telescope’s observations ended in 2018, but its data continues to paint a more detailed picture of our galaxy today.

Here are a few more things to know about Kepler-385:

Artist’s concept of Kepler 385, a seven-planet system with a Sun-like star to the left of the image and the planets varying in color and size are arranged in a straight line from inner-most to outer-most going from left to right. Credit: NASA/Daniel Rutter

All seven planets are between the size of Earth and Neptune.

Artist’s concept showing two of the seven planets discovered orbiting a Sun-like star. Credit: NASA/Daniel Rutter

Its star is 10% larger and 5% hotter than our Sun.

This artist concept shows NASA's planet-hunting Kepler spacecraft among the stars. The spacecraft looks like a golden cylinder with one end cut diagonally. Silver metal surrounds the cylinder, with solar panels all along one portion. Credit: NASA/ESA/CSA/STScI

This system is one of over 700 that Kepler’s data has revealed.

The planets’ orbits have been represented in sound.

Now that you’ve heard a little about this planetary system, get acquainted with more exoplanets and why we want to explore them.

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1 year ago
Bright orange active spots make the shape of two eyes and a grin, making the Sun look like a jack-o'-lantern. The rest of the Sun is dark in comparison, with an orange outline distinguishing the star from the darkness of space.

Credit: NASA/SDO

Boo! Did we get you? 🎃

This solar jack-o-lantern, captured by our Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) in October 2014, gets its ghoulish grin from active regions on the Sun, which emit more light and energy than the surrounding dark areas. Active regions are markers of an intense and complex set of magnetic fields hovering in the sun’s atmosphere.

The SDO has kept an unblinking eye on the Sun since 2010, recording phenomena like solar flares and coronal loops. It measures the Sun’s interior, atmosphere, magnetic field, and energy output, helping us understand our nearest star.

Grab the high-resolution version here.

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1 year ago
A drawing of Earth is positioned at top center of the cover for Issue 2 of First Woman. To the right are the words "National Aeronautics and Space Administration," a thin white line, and the NASA "meatball" logo. Underneath Earth are the words "First Woman, NASA's Promise for Humanity, Issue No. 2: Expanding Our Universe." Below, fictional astronauts Callie Rodriguez (left) and Meshaya Billy (right) stand back-to-back in white spacesuits in front of the Moon. They are holding their helmets: Callie holds hers with both hands while Meshaya tucks hers under her right arm. Between them, RT, Callie's robotic sidekick, looks up inquisitively at the duo. Behind all three of them, stars peek through a colorful haze. Image credit: NASA

Commander Callie Continues Moon Mission in NASA’s Second Graphic Novel

You followed fictional astronaut, Callie Rodriguez, on her journey to the Moon in our First Woman graphic novel, “Issue No. 1: From Dream to Reality.”

In the brand new “Issue No. 2: Expanding our Universe,” find out how Callie and her robotic sidekick RT escape the lunar lava tunnel and what challenges await them on the lunar surface.

See Callie and her new crewmates work together as a team and navigate the unexpected as they take on a challenging mission to deploy a next-generation telescope on the far side of the Moon. Now available digitally in English at nasa.gov/CallieFirst and in Spanish at nasa.gov/PrimeraMujer!

Along with the new chapter, the First Woman app – available in the Apple and Google Play stores – has been updated with new immersive, extended reality content. Explore the lunar surface and learn about the real technologies we’re building to make living and working on the Moon – and eventually, Mars – possible.

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1 year ago
The Moon moves through its phases. The light reflecting off the Moon's surface moves from right to left. Credit: NASA

It’s Not a Phase – We Love the Moon

International Observe the Moon Night is Oct. 21 and everyone's invited! Find a Moon-gazing party near you, learn about lunar science and exploration, and honor cultural connections to the moon.

This year, we want to know what the Moon looks like around you. Take a look at these photography tips, then snap a picture of the Moon and tag us! You may be featured on Tumblr’s Today page on Oct. 21.


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1 year ago
A girl wears a pair of black Narbis smart glasses that are connected to a black armband while she is writing in a notebook, with a tablet nearby.

Credit: Narbis

For the Benefit of All: Assistive Tech Developed from NASA Tech

What do modern cochlear implants and robotic gloves have in common? They were derived from NASA technology. We’ve made it easier to find and use our patented inventions that could help create products that enhance life for people with disabilities.

October is National Disability Employment Awareness Month, which highlights the contributions of American workers with disabilities – many of whom use assistive technology on the job. Take a look at these assistive technologies that are NASA spinoffs.

The JORDY device, which is comprised of a gold and black visorlike headset and an attached black control device.

Credit: Enhanced Vision

Low-Vision Headsets

The Joint Optical Reflective Display (JORDY) device is a headset that uses NASA image processing and head-mounted display technology to enable people with low vision to read and write. JORDY enhances individuals’ remaining sight by magnifying objects up to 50 times and allowing them to change contrast, brightness, and display modes. JORDY's name was inspired by Geordi La Forge, a blind character from “Star Trek: The Next Generation” whose futuristic visor enabled him to see.

A girl with brown hair has a tan cochlear implant device placed behind her ear by another person’s hands.

Credit: Getty

Cochlear Implants

Work that led to the modern cochlear implant was patented by a NASA engineer in the 1970s. Following three failed corrective surgeries, Adam Kissiah combined his NASA electronics know-how with research in the Kennedy Space Center technical library to build his own solution for people with severe-to-profound hearing loss who receive little or no benefit from hearing aids. Several companies now make the devices, which have been implanted in hundreds of thousands of people around the world.

A man wears the Ironhand robotic glove, which is black and connected to a black and orange vest. He is using it with a blue and white power tool under a white car hood.

Credit: Bioservo Technologies/Niklas Lagström

Robotic Gloves

Ironhand, from Swedish company Bioservo Technologies, is the world’s first industrial-strength robotic glove for factory workers and others who perform repetitive manual tasks. It helps prevent stress injuries but has been especially warmly received by workers with preexisting hand injuries and conditions. The glove is based on a suite of patents for the technology developed by NASA and General Motors to build the hands of the Robonaut 2 humanoid robotic astronaut.

The Narbis smart glasses set: a pair of black glasses, equipped with brainwave sensors; a black, rectangular Bluetooth-enabled amplifier on an armband; and a black, rectangular tablet with training programs

Credit: Narbis

Smart Glasses

Neurofeedback technology NASA originally developed to improve pilots’ attention has been the basis for products aimed at helping people manage attention disorders without medication. The devices measure brainwave output to gauge attention levels according to the “engagement index” a NASA engineer created. Then, they show the results to users, helping them learn to voluntarily control their degree of concentration. One such device is a pair of smart glasses from Narbis, whose lenses darken as attention wanes.

A woman in exercise clothes runs in the pressurized, enclosed anti-gravity G-Trainer treadmill.

Credit: Alter-G Inc.

Anti-Gravity Treadmills

A NASA scientist who developed ways to use air pressure to simulate gravity for astronauts exercising in space had the idea to apply the concept for the opposite effect on Earth. After licensing his technology, Alter-G Inc. developed its anti-gravity G-Trainer treadmill, which lets users offload some or all of their weight while exercising. The treadmills can help people recover from athletic or brain injuries, and they allow a safe exercise regimen for others with long-term conditions such as arthritis.

Professional pianist Rui Urayama plays the piano while multiple sensors are attached to her forearms and hand muscles.

Credit: Delsys Inc.

Wireless Muscle Sensors

Some of the most exciting assistive technologies to spin off may be yet to come. Delsys Inc. developed electromyographic technology to help NASA understand the effects of long-term weightlessness on astronauts’ muscles and movements. Electromyography detects and analyzes electrical signals emitted when motor nerves trigger movement. Among the company’s customers are physical therapists developing exercise routines to help patients recover from injuries. But some researchers are using the technology to attempt recoveries that once seemed impossible, such as helping paralyzed patients regain movement, letting laryngectomy patients speak, and outfitting amputees with artificial limbs that work like the real thing.  

To further enhance the lives of people with disabilities, NASA has identified a selection of patented technologies created for space missions that could spur the next generation of assistive technology here on Earth.

Want to learn more about assistive technologies already in action? Check out NASA Spinoff to find products and services that wouldn’t exist without space exploration.   

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1 year ago

Dangling in a previously unexplored lava tunnel on the Moon...

...with a massive solar flare passing overhead...

...causing unsafe radiation levels.

All communications have been interrupted.

Status of Commander Callie Rodriguez: unknown.

In our first issue of "First Woman," we followed Callie on her trailblazing journey to the Moon. Find out what’s next for our fictional first woman in a story inspired by real NASA astronauts and our upcoming Artemis missions to land the first female astronaut and person of color on the lunar surface.

See what discoveries – and challenges – lay ahead for Callie and her fellow human and robotic explorers as they forge a path to expand humanity's understanding of the universe.

Coming soon in English and Spanish at nasa.gov/calliefirst!

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1 year ago
An illustration showing the planet Jupiter rising over the horizon of its moon Europa. Europa’s surface consists of a rough landscape of blue, semi-translucent ice. Jupiter’s colorful orange, blue and cream-colored bands and swirling storms are visible in its atmosphere. In the middle distance, the Europa Clipper spacecraft can be seen, its solar panel wings glinting in the sunlight. 

Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Hurry! You Can Catch a Ride to Jupiter with NASA

Well, at least your name can.  

One of the planet Jupiter’s largest and most intriguing moons is called Europa. Evidence hints that beneath its icy shell, Europa hides an ocean of liquid water – more water than all of Earth’s oceans combined. In 2024, our Europa Clipper robotic spacecraft sets sail to take a closer look
and when it launches, your name can physically be aboard! Here’s how: 

NASA’s Message in a Bottle campaign invites people around the world to sign their names to a poem written by the U.S. Poet Laureate, Ada Limón. The poem connects the two water worlds — Earth, yearning to reach out and understand what makes a world habitable, and Europa, waiting with secrets yet to be explored.

An illustration showing the planet Jupiter, its moon Europa with its cracked, icy surface, and the Europa Clipper spacecraft, all lined up against the dark background of space.

Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

The poem will be engraved on Europa Clipper, along with participants' names that will be physically etched onto microchips mounted on the spacecraft. Together, the poem and names will travel 1.8 billion miles to the Jupiter system.

A poster with a background illustration showing the planet Jupiter and the surface of its moon Europa. The text reads: Message In a Bottle – Send your name. Next to the text is an illustration of a paper scroll rolled up inside a glass bottle sealed with a cork.

Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Signing up is easy! Just go to this site to sign your name to the poem and get on board. You can send your name en español, too. Envía tu nombre aquí.

The Europa Clipper launch window opens in October 2024, but don’t wait – everyone’s names need to be received this year so they can be loaded onto the spacecraft in time. Sign up by Dec. 31, 2023.

We hope you’ll be riding along with us! Follow the mission at europa.nasa.gov.

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